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Indentures, 1809-1843

 Sub-Series

Scope and Contents

The records are bound volumes in French and English containing indenture documents signed before the mayor of the City of New Orleans or his representative. Included in the documents are the name of the person indentured, his/her age, place of birth, race (e.g. "free quadroon); orphans are identified, and, for minors, the name of the person(s) giving permission for the minor to be bound is given. Also listed is the name of the merchant or tradesperson to whom the apprentice or servant is bound, his/her trade, and the terms of the agreement. The agreement is signed by the parties involved, by two or three witnesses, and by the mayor or his representative. Some documents are appended by statements, agreed to by all parties, canceling the previous agreement. Also included are agreements by slave owners binding their slaves as apprentices or servants, agreements binding parties for repayment of debts or of ship passage or to avoid a prison term, and collective labor agreements.

Also available are a typewritten English translation of volume 1 made by the Works Progress Administration [AA 661] and an index to and analysis of the documents, compiled by Prof. Paul Lachance of the University of Ottawa.

The records are available on three rolls of 35mm microfilm, with the translation of volume one filmed at the end of the series. See the following inventory for roll numbers. The computerized index is not available on film.

Note: Indentures for free people of color were digitized as part of Louisiana State University's digital collection Free People of Color in Louisiana: Revealing an Unknown Past. (To locate an indenture, search by the name of the person being indentured.)

Dates

  • Creation: 1809-1843

Creator

Conditions Governing Access

Available on microfilm to registered researchers. Indentures for free people of color were digitized as part of Louisiana State University's digital collection Free People of Color in Louisiana: Revealing an Unknown Past. (To locate an indenture, search by the name of the person being indentured.)

Biographical / Historical

An Act passed by the Louisiana Legislature on May 21, 1806 outlined the "rights and duties of Apprentices and Indentured Servants." The Act stipulated that indentures were to be signed in the presence of at least two witnesses "before the mayor of any city, or the judge of any county." Minors could be bound only with the consent of a parent, guardian or curator or, in their absence, with the consent of the mayor or county judge of their place of residence. The Act specified the form the agreement should take and set a fee of five dollars for the services of the mayor or judge. Should the apprentice's master or mistress die during the term of the indenture, mayors and judges were also given the power to reassign unexpired terms to another "suitable person of said trade, or calling, mentioned in the indenture" and the power to penalize apprentices or bound servants who "absconded."

Evidence suggests that the law concerning apprentices and bound servants changed in some respect between 1806 and 1826; however, details of those changes cannot be traced. In 1826, the Legislature repealed Articles 158 and 159 of the Civil Code (both concerning the treatment of minors bound as apprentices) and revived the 1806 law "in everything which is not contrary or repugnant to the provisions of the Civil Code, which are not expressly repealed by this act. . . . " Since the records that exist indicate no substantial changes in form or content, we can assume that any changes to the law were minor.

Extent

6 Volumes

Language of Materials

From the Collection: English

General

Call number: AA660/661

Repository Details

Part of the City Archives Repository

Contact:
City Archives & Special Collections
219 Loyola Avenue
New Orleans LA 70112
504-596-2610